{"id":20850,"date":"2022-01-18T16:21:55","date_gmt":"2022-01-18T21:21:55","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.reivax.com\/us\/?page_id=20850"},"modified":"2023-03-31T17:35:38","modified_gmt":"2023-03-31T21:35:38","slug":"02-combined-governor-and-avr","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/www.reivax.com\/us\/reivax-case-studies\/02-combined-governor-and-avr\/","title":{"rendered":"COMBINED GOVERNOR AND AVR"},"content":{"rendered":"<section class=\"wpb-content-wrapper\"><p>[vc_row columns_gap=&#8221;20&#8243;][vc_column width=&#8221;5\/6&#8243; mobile_width=&#8221;1&#8243;][vc_column_text]<\/p>\n<h4 style=\"text-align: left;\">Combined Excitation\/Governor system delivered for a 3.3MVA hydro unit in Canada, replacing a Woodward Gate Shaft mechanical governor and an AVR with obsolete components<\/h4>\n<p>The project scope included:[\/vc_column_text][\/vc_column][\/vc_row][vc_row padding_top_multiplier=&#8221;&#8221;][vc_column width=&#8221;5\/12&#8243;][vc_column_text]<\/p>\n<ul class=\"bolinha\">\n<li><span style=\"color: #000000;\">One (1) cabinet for excitation\/governor\/unit functions<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"color: #000000;\">One (1) EHI for the existing wicket gate distribution valve<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"color: #000000;\">Two (2) MLDT position transducers<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"color: #000000;\">Two (2) inductive speed pick-ups with new toothweel<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><span style=\"color: #000000;\">By eliminating hardware associated with a separate governor controller and a separate excitation controller, a combined controller is able to achieve a higher Mean Time Between Failure (MTBF), hence increasing the overall reliability of the generating unit.<\/span>[\/vc_column_text]<div class=\"grve-empty-space grve-height-2x\" style=\"\"><\/div>[vc_column_text]<\/p>\n<h4><em><span style=\"color: #000000;\">History \u2013 Woodward Gate shaft governor<\/span><\/em><\/h4>\n<p><span style=\"color: #000000;\">While the purely mechanical governor for smaller hydro applications has been around since the late 1800\u2019s, the most significant improvement occurred in 1911 when Elmer Woodward improved the mechanical governor by adding power amplification through hydraulic pressure allowing it to regulate larger hydraulic turbines.\u00a0 One of the first governors of this kind was the Gate shaft governor.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #000000;\">As with all mechanical systems, time and associated wear will eventually lead to a much-needed repair or replacement of the mechanical part.\u00a0 A digital governor controller eliminates any moving control parts associated with the fly-ball governor system, while still maintaining the existing hydraulic system.<\/span>[\/vc_column_text][\/vc_column][vc_column width=&#8221;5\/12&#8243; css=&#8221;.vc_custom_1642534696267{padding-top: 20px !important;padding-right: 20px !important;padding-bottom: 20px !important;padding-left: 20px !important;}&#8221;]<div class=\"grve-element grve-image grve-align-center\" style=\"\">  <div class=\"grve-image-wrapper\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"228\" height=\"300\" src=\"https:\/\/www.reivax.com\/us\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/11\/01_01-228x300.jpg\" class=\"attachment-medium size-medium\" alt=\"Combined 01\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.reivax.com\/us\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/11\/01_01-228x300.jpg 228w, https:\/\/www.reivax.com\/us\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/11\/01_01.jpg 510w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 228px) 100vw, 228px\" \/>   <\/div><\/div>[\/vc_column][\/vc_row][vc_row][vc_column width=&#8221;5\/12&#8243;][vc_column_text]<\/p>\n<h4><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><em>Digital conversion of the fly-ball regulator<\/em><\/span><\/h4>\n<p><span style=\"color: #000000;\">The fly-ball regulator on the existing governor was removed and a Reivax designed electro-hydraulic interface (EHI) with matching face plate was installed in its location.\u00a0 The new EHI assembly is responsible for controlling the flow to the distribution valve, which amplifies the oil flow to open or close the servo motor for the wicket gate (Francis) and runner blades (Kaplan\/Bulb turbine).<\/span>[\/vc_column_text][\/vc_column][\/vc_row][vc_row][vc_column width=&#8221;5\/12&#8243;][vc_column_text]<span style=\"color: #000000;\">The new EHI assembly included the following components:<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><u>Hydraulic manifold<\/u> \u2013 A custom engineered adapter plate to direct the existing oil paths to the new control valves that are mounted on the manifold.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><u>Proportional Control Valve (65PV)<\/u> \u2013 Converts the 4-20mA electrical signal from the governor controller to a proportional oil flow, which drives the distribution valve.\u00a0 The proportional valve has onboard electronics providing a close-loop control.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><u>Emergency solenoid valve (65R)<\/u> \u2013 Operates with the activation of the 86M unit lock-out relay, independent of the governor controller.\u00a0 The valve will move in the fully closed position, causing the servomotor to close at the fastest rate allowable by the flow control adjustments as per IEEE std 125<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><u>Filtering system<\/u> \u2013 The manifold is supplied with a duplex oil filter.\u00a0 Only one filter is in operation at a time and in the event the filter element is saturated, a clogging sensor will alarm and operation can be switched to the spare filter with the 3-way valve while maintenance is performed on the clogged filter.<\/span>[\/vc_column_text][\/vc_column][vc_column width=&#8221;5\/12&#8243; css=&#8221;.vc_custom_1642534972833{margin-top: 0px !important;margin-right: 0px !important;margin-bottom: 0px !important;margin-left: 0px !important;border-top-width: 0px !important;border-right-width: 0px !important;border-bottom-width: 0px !important;border-left-width: 0px !important;padding-top: 0px !important;padding-right: 0px !important;padding-bottom: 0px !important;padding-left: 0px !important;}&#8221;]<div class=\"grve-element grve-image grve-align-center\" style=\"\">  <div class=\"grve-image-wrapper\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"445\" height=\"402\" src=\"https:\/\/www.reivax.com\/us\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/11\/02-02.jpg\" class=\"attachment-medium_large size-medium_large\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.reivax.com\/us\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/11\/02-02.jpg 445w, https:\/\/www.reivax.com\/us\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/11\/02-02-300x271.jpg 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 445px) 100vw, 445px\" \/>   <\/div><\/div>[\/vc_column][\/vc_row][vc_row][vc_column width=&#8221;5\/12&#8243;][vc_column_text]<span style=\"color: #808080;\"><u>Position feedback sensor for the distributor valve<\/u>\u00a0\u2013 A Magnetostrictive Linear Displacement Transducer (MLDT) provides the position feedback of the servo motor for the closed-loop control in the governor controller.\u00a0 The MLDT sensor output (4-20mA) is proportional to the movement of the distributor valve.<\/span>[\/vc_column_text][\/vc_column][vc_column width=&#8221;5\/12&#8243; css=&#8221;.vc_custom_1642534972833{margin-top: 0px !important;margin-right: 0px !important;margin-bottom: 0px !important;margin-left: 0px !important;border-top-width: 0px !important;border-right-width: 0px !important;border-bottom-width: 0px !important;border-left-width: 0px !important;padding-top: 0px !important;padding-right: 0px !important;padding-bottom: 0px !important;padding-left: 0px !important;}&#8221;]<div class=\"grve-element grve-image grve-align-center\" style=\"\">  <div class=\"grve-image-wrapper\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"300\" height=\"169\" src=\"https:\/\/www.reivax.com\/us\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/11\/03-03-300x169.jpg\" class=\"attachment-medium size-medium\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.reivax.com\/us\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/11\/03-03-300x169.jpg 300w, https:\/\/www.reivax.com\/us\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/11\/03-03.jpg 428w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px\" \/>   <\/div><\/div>[\/vc_column][\/vc_row][vc_row][vc_column width=&#8221;5\/12&#8243;][vc_column_text]<span style=\"color: #808080;\"><u>Position feedback sensor for the servo motor<\/u> \u2013 A Magnetostrictive Linear Displacement Transducer (MLDT) provides the position feedback of the servo motor for the closed-loop control in the governor controller.\u00a0 The MLDT sensor output (4-20mA) is proportional to the movement of the servo motor.<\/span>[\/vc_column_text][\/vc_column][vc_column width=&#8221;5\/12&#8243; css=&#8221;.vc_custom_1642534972833{margin-top: 0px !important;margin-right: 0px !important;margin-bottom: 0px !important;margin-left: 0px !important;border-top-width: 0px !important;border-right-width: 0px !important;border-bottom-width: 0px !important;border-left-width: 0px !important;padding-top: 0px !important;padding-right: 0px !important;padding-bottom: 0px !important;padding-left: 0px !important;}&#8221;]<div class=\"grve-element grve-image grve-align-center\" style=\"\">  <div class=\"grve-image-wrapper\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"300\" height=\"234\" src=\"https:\/\/www.reivax.com\/us\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/11\/04-04-300x234.jpg\" class=\"attachment-medium size-medium\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.reivax.com\/us\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/11\/04-04-300x234.jpg 300w, https:\/\/www.reivax.com\/us\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/11\/04-04.jpg 430w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px\" \/>   <\/div><\/div>[\/vc_column][\/vc_row][vc_row][vc_column width=&#8221;5\/12&#8243;][vc_column_text]<span style=\"color: #808080;\">A new speed measuring system was also installed consisting of a new tooth wheel and two (2) inductive speed probes with mounting hardware.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #808080;\">The new governor control logic was integrated into a fully programmable high-speed controller, which also was responsible for the excitation control.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #808080;\">The following I\/O was included:<\/span><\/p>\n<ul class=\"bolinha\">\n<li><span style=\"color: #808080;\">48 Digital Inputs<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"color: #808080;\">32 Digital Outputs<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"color: #808080;\">16 Analog Inputs<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"color: #808080;\">16 Analog Outputs<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"color: #808080;\">High-speed PT, CT and speed inputs<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><span style=\"color: #808080;\">For maximum reliability, redundant controllers were offered, each one programmed with the excitation and governor controls.\u00a0 Hence, in the unlikely event a controller would stop working, an automatic transfer to the stand-by controller would take place with no change in operating output.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #808080;\">A 15\u201d HMI panel was mounted on the control cabinet for local control, diagnostics and testing capabilities for both the excitation and governor system.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #808080;\">Ethernet communication with Modbus or DNP3.0 is available for interfacing with SCADA.<\/span>[\/vc_column_text][\/vc_column][vc_column width=&#8221;5\/12&#8243; css=&#8221;.vc_custom_1642534972833{margin-top: 0px !important;margin-right: 0px !important;margin-bottom: 0px !important;margin-left: 0px !important;border-top-width: 0px !important;border-right-width: 0px !important;border-bottom-width: 0px !important;border-left-width: 0px !important;padding-top: 0px !important;padding-right: 0px !important;padding-bottom: 0px !important;padding-left: 0px !important;}&#8221;]<div class=\"grve-element grve-image grve-align-center\" style=\"\">  <div class=\"grve-image-wrapper\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"300\" height=\"225\" src=\"https:\/\/www.reivax.com\/us\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/11\/05-05-300x225.jpg\" class=\"attachment-medium size-medium\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.reivax.com\/us\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/11\/05-05-300x225.jpg 300w, https:\/\/www.reivax.com\/us\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/11\/05-05-768x576.jpg 768w, https:\/\/www.reivax.com\/us\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/11\/05-05-1024x769.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/www.reivax.com\/us\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/11\/05-05-560x420.jpg 560w, https:\/\/www.reivax.com\/us\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/11\/05-05-900x675.jpg 900w, https:\/\/www.reivax.com\/us\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/11\/05-05-1920x1441.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px\" \/>   <\/div><\/div><div class=\"grve-empty-space grve-height-2x\" style=\"\"><\/div><div class=\"grve-element grve-image grve-align-center\" style=\"\">  <div class=\"grve-image-wrapper\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"300\" height=\"225\" src=\"https:\/\/www.reivax.com\/us\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/11\/06-06-300x225.jpg\" class=\"attachment-medium size-medium\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.reivax.com\/us\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/11\/06-06-300x225.jpg 300w, https:\/\/www.reivax.com\/us\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/11\/06-06-768x575.jpg 768w, https:\/\/www.reivax.com\/us\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/11\/06-06-1024x767.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/www.reivax.com\/us\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/11\/06-06-560x420.jpg 560w, https:\/\/www.reivax.com\/us\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/11\/06-06-900x675.jpg 900w, https:\/\/www.reivax.com\/us\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/11\/06-06-1920x1437.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px\" \/>   <\/div><\/div>[\/vc_column][\/vc_row][vc_row][vc_column width=&#8221;5\/12&#8243;][vc_column_text]<span style=\"color: #808080;\">All tuning parameters can be changed directly on the HMI screen and is governed by levels of user name \/ password protection.\u00a0 A dedicated Sequence Of Events (SOE) screen with 1ms resolution and controller input for a IRIG-B time stamp helps the user to determine the exact timing and order of events and alarms.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #808080;\">Reivax system interfaces with the plant controller via Modbus over Ethernet.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #808080;\">The following main control functions are supplied with the system:<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #808080;\"><u>Governor<\/u><\/span><\/p>\n<ul class=\"bolinha\">\n<li><span style=\"color: #808080;\">Control Modes for Gate Opening, Frequency and Power with bumpless transfer<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"color: #808080;\">Droop control<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"color: #808080;\">Automatic Start \/ Stop with custom user starting configuration<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"color: #808080;\">Automatic pre-load (reverse power prevention)<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"color: #808080;\">Gate Limit control<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"color: #808080;\">PT and back-up speed sensing<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"color: #808080;\">On \/ Off line gain setting<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"color: #808080;\">Grid connect &amp; isolated grid mode<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"color: #808080;\">Power vs Wicket Gate Opening look-up table<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><span style=\"color: #808080;\"><u>Excitation<\/u><\/span><\/p>\n<ul class=\"bolinha\">\n<li><span style=\"color: #808080;\">Control Modes for AUTO, MAN and VAr\/PF (IEEE 421.5 ST4C \/ AC11) with bumpless transfer<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"color: #808080;\">Power System Stabilizer (IEEE 421.5 PSS2B)<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"color: #808080;\">Auto tuning feature<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"color: #808080;\">Reactive compensation<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"color: #808080;\">Automatic Start \/ Stop with custom user starting configuration<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"color: #808080;\">Limiters (OEL, UEL, V\/Hz, SCL, MEL)<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"color: #808080;\">Protections (24, 27, 32, 37F, 40\/32Q, 50\/51, 59, 76F, 81O\/U)<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"color: #808080;\">Loss Of voltage sensing<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"color: #808080;\">Voltage matching<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><span style=\"color: #808080;\"><u>Automation<\/u><\/span><\/p>\n<ul class=\"bolinha\">\n<li><span style=\"color: #808080;\">Start \/ Stop permissive and sequencing<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"color: #808080;\">Supervision of generator temperatures, cooling water flows, oil levels<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"color: #808080;\">Brake control<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><span style=\"color: #808080;\">The software logic is fully configurable and functions can be added by the customer by using the supplied programming software.<\/span>[\/vc_column_text][\/vc_column][\/vc_row][vc_row padding_bottom_multiplier=&#8221;&#8221;][vc_column]\t\t\t<div class=\"grve-modal-element mfp-hide\" id=\"reivaxwhere\">\r\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"grve-section\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"grve-container\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"grve-row grve-columns-gap-30\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"grve-column grve-column-1\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"grve-map-wrapper\"><div class=\"grve-element grve-map\" data-lat=\"45.505209\" data-lng=\"-73.573053\" data-zoom=\"14\" data-disable-style=\"yes\" style=\"height: 450px;\"><\/div>  <div style=\"display:none\" class=\"grve-map-point\" data-point-marker=\"\/\/www.reivax.com\/us\/wp-content\/themes\/movedo\/images\/markers\/transparent.png\" data-point-lat=\"45.505209\" data-point-lng=\"-73.573053\" data-point-title=\"\" data-point-type=\"pulse-dot\" data-point-marker-width=\"\" data-point-marker-height=\"\" data-point-bg-color=\"primary-1\"><\/div><\/div>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\r\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\r\n\t\t\t<\/div>\r\n\t\t[\/vc_column][\/vc_row][vc_row equal_column_height=&#8221;middle-content&#8221;][vc_column css=&#8221;.vc_custom_1562087718314{padding-bottom: 20px !important;}&#8221;][\/vc_column][\/vc_row]<\/p>\n<\/section>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Here you can read about our latest cases studies and know better about our products and their application. <\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":8,"featured_media":0,"parent":17457,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"footnotes":""},"yst_prominent_words":[1135,1136,1146,1171,1107,1170,1166,1169,1165,1173,1168,1172,1137,1144,1143,1167],"class_list":["post-20850","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.reivax.com\/us\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/20850","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.reivax.com\/us\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.reivax.com\/us\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.reivax.com\/us\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/8"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.reivax.com\/us\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=20850"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.reivax.com\/us\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/20850\/revisions"}],"up":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.reivax.com\/us\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/17457"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.reivax.com\/us\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=20850"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"yst_prominent_words","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.reivax.com\/us\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/yst_prominent_words?post=20850"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}